Orthopaedics · Bones, joints and movement

Scoliosis

Understand spinal curvature, monitoring and treatment according to age and progression.

Editorial publication · Medical review pending.

Understand

Scoliosis is a three-dimensional deformity in which the spine curves sideways and twists.

Uneven shoulders or hips, a prominent shoulder blade or ribs, leaning to one side and sometimes back pain may occur.

The cause is usually unknown; some cases are congenital, neuromuscular or related to spinal wear in adults.

Standing and forward-bend examination checks asymmetry and considers growth, pain and neurological function.

X-rays measure the curve and monitor change; other investigations depend on age and associated signs.

Many mild curves remain stable; progression risk depends partly on curve size and remaining growth.

Monitoring, suitable activity, pain treatment and sometimes bracing are used; surgery is mainly for severe or progressive curves.

Seek assessment if you notice a curve, increasing asymmetry, persistent pain or functional effects.

New leg weakness or numbness, loss of bladder or bowel control, or acute breathing difficulty requires urgent help.

A procedure linked to a condition does not establish an indication for your individual situation.