Bariatric surgery · Obesity and metabolism
High blood pressure
Understand persistently high blood pressure, often silent, and ways to reduce its risks.
Editorial publication · Medical review pending.
Understand
High blood pressure means pressure in the arteries remains too high, placing extra strain on the heart and blood vessels.
Possible symptoms
It usually causes no symptoms; headaches, blurred vision or chest pain occur less commonly.
Causes and associated factors
Age, family history, salt, weight, low activity, smoking, alcohol, stress and some conditions or medicines influence risk.
Diagnosis
Several reliable readings are needed, often with home measurements or a twenty-four-hour monitor.
Tests
Assessment may include blood, urine, an ECG and checks of the kidneys, heart, eyes and other cardiovascular risks.
Course of the condition
Without control, risk of heart attack, stroke, heart failure, kidney disease and eye damage increases.
Care options
Reducing salt, being active, reaching a suitable weight, limiting alcohol, stopping smoking and taking prescribed medicines can lower pressure.
When to consult
Have blood pressure checked regularly and seek review if readings remain high or treatment causes problems.
Urgent help
Call emergency services for persistent chest pain, stroke signs, severe breathlessness, confusion or sudden vision loss.
Questions for your doctor
- Which factors explain my situation?
- Which tests and measurements should be monitored?
- Which medical, nutritional or behavioural options can we try?
- When would bariatric surgery be discussed?
- Which signs require urgent assessment?
Continue reading
A procedure linked to a condition does not establish an indication for your individual situation.
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- NHS — High blood pressure
Accessed on September 15, 2026